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He faces 15 counts, including genocide, crimes against humanity and violation of the laws of war in Bosnia-Hercegovina between April 1992 and July 1995.
The indictment says Gen Mladic was responsible for persecution of Bosniak (Bosnian Muslim) and Bosnian Croat civilians on national, political and religious grounds.
The tribunal says Gen Mladic's squads killed "close to 8,000 Bosnian Muslim men and boys" captured in the Srebrenica area in July 1995.

COUNTS 1 & 2: GENOCIDE, COMPLICITY IN GENOCIDE

Individually or in concert with others, planned, instigated, ordered, committed and/or aided and abetted the intentional partial destruction of the Bosniak national, ethnical, racial or religious group.
Bosnian Serb forces under his command targeted a significant part of the Bosnian Muslim group for intended destruction. They are accused of the widespread killing, deportation, and forcible transfer of hundreds of thousands of non-Serbs.
After the fall of Srebrenica, the indictment says, thousands of Bosnian Muslim males were executed in Bratunac, Srebrenica, Vlasenica and Zvornik in an organised and systematic fashion over the course of several days.

COUNT 3: PERSECUTIONS

Individually or in concert with others planned, instigated, ordered, committed and/or aided and abetted the persecution of the Bosniak, Bosnian Croat or other non-Serb populations.
Persecutions included killings during and after attacks on towns and villages, terrorisation including torture, physical and psychological abuse, sexual violence, forcible transfer and deportation, the destruction of houses and sacred sites.
Also, keeping people in detention centres with inhumane living conditions; using forced labour (including digging graves).

COUNTS 4, 5 & 6: EXTERMINATION AND MURDER

Planned, instigated, ordered, committed and/or aided and abetted the extermination and murder of Bosniaks and Bosnian Croats in the municipalities, the extermination of Bosniaks from Srebrenica, and the mass killing of civilians in Sarajevo by shelling or snipers.
Knew, or had reason to know, that extermination and murder were about to be or had been committed by his subordinates, and failed to stop them or punish the perpetrators.

COUNTS 7 & 8: DEPORTATION, INHUMANE ACTS

Individually or in concert with others planned, instigated, ordered, committed and/or aided and abetted the forcible transfer and deportation of Bosniaks, Bosnian Croats or other non-Serbs from and within Bosnia-Hercegovina.
Many forcibly displaced Bosniaks fled to Srebrenica where, from March 1995, shells and snipers were used to make life impossible for inhabitants and to forcibly remove the population.

COUNTS 9 to 14: UNLAWFULLY INFLICTING TERROR UPON CIVILIANS, MURDER, CRUEL TREATMENT, INHUMANE ACTS, ATTACKS ON CIVILIANS

Planned, instigated, ordered, committed and/or aided and abetted the crimes of terror and unlawful attacks on civilians.
This included a protracted military campaign in which his Bosnian Serb forces, and in particular the Sarajevo Romanija Corps, used artillery, mortar shelling and sniping to target civilian areas of Sarajevo and its civilian population and institutions, killing and wounding civilians, and thereby also inflicting terror upon its civilian population.
The sniping and shelling killed and wounded thousands of civilians of both sexes and all ages, including children and the elderly.

COUNT 15: TAKING OF HOSTAGES

Planned, instigated, ordered, committed and/or aided and abetted the taking of UN military observers and peacekeepers as hostages following Nato air strikes on 25 and 26 May 1995.
In order to prevent Nato from conducting air strikes against Bosnian Serb military targets, forces under Gen Mladic's control detained more than 200 UN peacekeepers and military observers and used them as human shields in various strategic locations to deter air strikes.
Threats were issued that further Nato attacks would result in the injury, death, or continued detention of the detainees, some of whom were assaulted before being released in June 1995.